Introduction: Diversity
from Encyclopedia of Diversity and Social Justice
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The word diversity derives from the Latin root diversus, meaning “various.” Thus, human diversity refers to the variety of
differences that exist among people who comprise humanity (the human species). The relationship between humanity and human
diversity may be viewed as similar to the relationship between sunlight and the spectrum of colors. Similar to how sunlight passing
through a prism is dispersed into the variety of colors that comprise the visual spectrum, the human species spanning planet
Earth is dispersed into the variety of groups that comprise the human spectrum (humanity). Human diversity expresses itself in a
multiplicity of ways, including differences in external features, national origins, cultural backgrounds, and sexual orientations. Some
of these dimensions of diversity are obvious; others are subtle, and some are invisible.
Equal rights and social justice are key aspects of diversity; however, they are not the only aspects. In fact, in a national survey of
American voters, the vast majority of respondents agreed that diversity is more than just political correctness (National Survey of
Voters, 1998). While diversity may still be viewed narrowly by some people as strictly a “political” issue, we take a broader view
of diversity that includes the political issue of equal rights and social justice, but also considers diversity to be an essential
educational issue—an integral element that enriches the learning, personal development, and career success of all students.
While humans may display diversity in the color or tone of their outer layer of skin, the reality is that all members of the human
species are remarkably similar at an underlying biological level. More than 98 percent of the genes that make up humans from
different racial groups are exactly the same (Bridgeman, 2003; Molnar, 1991). This large amount of genetic overlap among humans
accounts for the many similarities that exist among us regardless of what differences in color appear at the surface of our skin.
For example, all of us have similar external features that give us a “human” appearance and clearly distinguish us from other animal
species; all humans have internal organs that are similar in structure and function; and whatever the color of our outer layer of skin,
when it 's cut, we all bleed in the same color.
Although humans have been classif ied into different cultural groups, all of these groups are still cultivated from the same soil—
they are all grounded in the common experience of being human. Thus, cultural diversity represents variations on the common
theme of humanity. Human variety and human similarity coexist and complement each other. To appreciate human diversity is to
appreciate both differences and similarities (Public Service Enterprise Group, 2009). It includes appreciating the unique
perspectives of different groups of people as well as the universal aspects of the human experience that are common to all
groups—whatever their particular cultural backgrounds may be. For example, despite our racial and cultural differences, all of us
experience and express the same human emotions with the same facial expressions. Understanding these similarities opens up
opportunities for creating a more enlightened self and lifelong learning. Thus:
Diversity enhances self-awareness. Learning from people whose backgrounds and experiences are diverse sharpens
your self-knowledge and self-insight by allowing you to compare and contrast your life experiences with others whose life
experiences differ sharply from your own.
Diversity stimulates social development. Interacting with people from a variety of groups widens your social circle,
expanding the pool of people with whom you interact and strengthening your ability to relate to people with different
experiences and interests.
Diversity enriches the multiple perspectives developed by a college education. Diversity magnif ies the power of a
college education, liberating you from the tunnel vision of an ethnocentric and egocentric (self-centered) viewpoint, while
enabling you to move beyond yourself to gain a panoramic perspective of the world around you and attain a more holistic
view of yourself . You acquire the ability to see how you, as a whole person, f it into the “big picture”—the whole world.
Diversity deepens learning and elevates thinking. Human knowledge is socially constructed—it is built up through
interpersonal interaction and dialogue with others. Widening the variety of conversations you have with others deepens your
learning and elevates the quality of your thinking. If you have multiple conversations with humans from a rich diversity of
backgrounds, the nature of your thinking becomes richer and more nuanced as well. Research consistently shows that we
learn more from people who differ from us than we do from people who are similar to us.
Diversity stimulates creative thinking. Experiencing diversity increases your exposure to a wider variety of thinking
styles, which empowers you to think outside the box or boundaries of a single cultural framework. Once you acquire diverse
perspectives, these viewpoints can also be combined or rearranged in ways that lead to unique or innovative solutions to
problems. When you draw on ideas from people of diverse backgrounds and bounce your ideas off them, you generate
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mental energy, synergy, and serendipity—an unanticipated discovery of creative insights.
Diversity enhances career preparation and career success. Learning about and from diversity better prepares you for
today's work world. America's workforce is now more diverse than at any other time in the nation's history, and it will grow
increasingly diverse. Moreover, work today takes place in a global economy characterized by greater economic
interdependence among nations, more international trading (imports/exports), more multinational corporations, more
international travel, and almost instantaneous worldwide communication. As a result of these trends, employers of college
graduates are now seeking job candidates who possess international knowledge, foreign language skills, sensitivity to human
differences, and the ability to relate to people from different cultural backgrounds. Both employers and the American public
agree that diversity education is career preparation.
In short, the case for experiencing diversity is clear and compelling. The benefits of diversity include not only the noble and global
goals of social justice, national stability, and international harmony but also include a host of educational, vocational, and personal
benefits for anyone who intentionally seeks out and capitalizes on the power of diversity.
References
Bridgeman, B. (2003). Psychology and evolution: The origins of mind. SAGE Publications Thousand Oaks CA.
Molnar, S. (1991). Human variation: Races, types, and ethnic groups (3rd ed.). Prentice-Hall Englewood Clif fs NJ.
National Survey of Voters. (1998). National survey of voters. Ford Foundation Campus Diversity Initiative Public Information
Project. Ford Foundation New York. Retrieved from
http://www.diversityweb.org/research_and_trends/research_evaluation_impact/campus_community_connections/national_poll.cfm.
Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG). (2009). Diversity. Retrieved from
www.pseg.com/info/environment/sustainability/2009/.../diversity.jsp.
Thompson, A.; Cuseo, J. B. (2009). Diversity & the college experience. Kendall Hunt Dubuque IA.
Thompson, A.; Cuseo, J. B. (2012). Infusing diversity and cultural competence into teacher education. Kendall Hunt Dubuque IA.
Aaron Thompson, PhD
Authors of Diversity and the College Experience, Humanity, Diversity and the Liberal Arts, and Infusing Diversity and Cultural
Competence into Teacher Education
Joe Cusseo, PhD
Authors of Diversity and the College Experience, Humanity, Diversity and the Liberal Arts, and Infusing Diversity and Cultural
Competence into Teacher Education
Copyright © 2014 by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
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APA Thompson, A., & Cusseo, J. (2014). Introduction: Diversity. In S. Thompson (Ed.), Encyclopedia of diversity and social justice.
Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlef ield Publishers. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?
url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/rowmandasj/introduction_diversity/0?institutionId=943
Chicago Thompson, Aaron, and Joe Cusseo. "Introduction: Diversity." In Encyclopedia of Diversity and Social Justice, edited by Sherwood
Thompson. Rowman & Littlef ield Publishers, 2014. http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?
url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/rowmandasj/introduction_diversity/0?institutionId=943
Harvard Thompson, A. and Cusseo, J. (2014). Introduction: Diversity. In S. Thompson (Ed.), Encyclopedia of diversity and social justice.
[Online]. Lanham: Rowman & Littlef ield Publishers. Available from: http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?
url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/rowmandasj/introduction_diversity/0?institutionId=943 [Accessed 2 July
2019].
MLA Thompson, Aaron, and Joe Cusseo. "Introduction: Diversity." Encyclopedia of Diversity and Social Justice, edited by Sherwood
Thompson, Rowman & Littlef ield Publishers, 1st edition, 2014. Credo Reference, http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?
url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/rowmandasj/introduction_diversity/0?institutionId=943. Accessed 02 Jul.
2019.
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Introduction: Diversity
from Encyclopedia of Diversity and Social Justice
View article on Credo
APA
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